True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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1.
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In all cooling systems, energy as heat is transferred from one substance to
another, leaving the first substance with less energy and with a lower temperature.
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2.
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All objects produce different types of electromagnetic waves depending on the
object's temperature.
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3.
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As the temperature of mercury inside the thermometer increases, its volume
increases.
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4.
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On the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at –32ºF.
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5.
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A degree on the Fahrenheit scale is a bigger unit than a degree on the Celsius
scale.
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6.
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Energy is transferred as heat between two objects at the same
temperature.
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7.
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Energy is transferred as heat from a substance at high temperature to a
substance at low temperature.
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8.
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Heating by convection can occur through solids, liquids, or gases.
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9.
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Cool objects don't emit any radiation.
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10.
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Radiation is the only method of energy transfer that can take place in a
vacuum.
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11.
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Some substances, when exposed to visible light, absorb more energy as heat than
other substances.
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12.
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A good insulator is a poor conductor.
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13.
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How much the temperature of an object increases when energy is transferred as
heat to the object depends only on the mass of the object.
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14.
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It takes more energy as heat to raise the temperature of water by one degree
than to raise the temperature of steam by the same amount.
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15.
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Insulation minimizes undesirable energy transfers.
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16.
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People feel most comfortable when the temperature of the air is
98.6ºF.
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17.
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The R-value is a standard rating used to measure the effectiveness of
insulation.
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18.
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An active solar heating system needs only sunlight as a source of energy.
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19.
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The heat exchanger of a heating system uses only convection to transfer energy
as heat.
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20.
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Some of the energy generated as heat by a heating system is always
wasted.
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21.
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Air is a better insulator than fiberglass batting.
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22.
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10 cm of brick is a better insulator than 10 cm of fiberglass batting.
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23.
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The temperature of a volume of gas will change if the pressure of the gas or
volume of the gas changes.
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24.
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When a refrigerant evaporates it adds energy as heat to its surroundings.
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25.
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When a refrigerant condenses it gives up energy as heat to its
surroundings.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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26.
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Temperature is
a. | associated with the sensation of hot and cold. | b. | proportional to the
average kinetic energy of molecules. | c. | measured with thermometers. | d. | all of the
above |
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27.
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What is 37.0 degrees Celsius on the Fahrenheit scale?
a. | 98.6ºF | c. | 92.0ºF | b. | 87.0ºF | d. | 102.0ºF |
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28.
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What is 175ºF on the Celsius scale?
a. | 72.3ºC | c. | 84.2ºC | b. | 79.4ºC | d. | 92.0ºC |
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29.
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What is –175ºC on the Kelvin scale?
a. | 76 K | c. | 98 K | b. | 89 K | d. | 448 K |
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30.
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As the kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance increases, the
a. | temperature of the substance increases. | b. | temperature of the
substance decreases. | c. | potential energy of the substance
changes. | d. | temperature remains the same. |
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31.
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The transfer of energy as heat caused by the collision of molecules is
called
a. | convection. | c. | contact. | b. | conduction. | d. | radiation. |
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32.
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The transfer of energy by the movement of fluids or gases with different
temperatures is called
a. | convection. | c. | contact. | b. | conduction. | d. | radiation. |
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33.
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Energy from the sun reaches Earth by
a. | conduction and radiation. | c. | conduction and
convection. | b. | radiation only. | d. | conduction only. |
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34.
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Convection currents rise in air because
a. | hot air rises and cold air remains stagnant. | b. | cool air descends
and hot air rises. | c. | the molecules in hot air move
faster. | d. | hot air has less friction. |
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35.
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Which method of energy transfer does not involve movement of matter?
a. | convection. | c. | radiation. | b. | conduction. | d. | none of the
above. |
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36.
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Which of the following substances is the best conductor of transferring energy
as heat?
a. | carbon dioxide gas | c. | iron | b. | water | d. | rubber |
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37.
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Suppose a fixed number of joules of energy as heat is added to 1 kg of the
substances listed below. For which substance will the rise in temperature be the least?
a. | liquid ethanol | c. | water | b. | iron | d. | carbon |
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38.
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How much heat energy will cause the temperature of 7 kg of carbon to increase
its temperature by 15 K? The specific heat of iron is 449 J/kg·K.
a. | 6.8 × 104 J | c. | 7.0 × 104
J | b. | 4.7 × 104 J | d. | 3.0 × 104 J |
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39.
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According to the first law of thermodynamics,
a. | there is no such thing as a perpetual motion machine. | b. | the energy of a
system is constant. | c. | the total energy used in any process is
conserved. | d. | in any process there is a decrease in potential
energy. |
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40.
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Which of the following statements is true?
a. | Energy as heat flows from a lower temperature to a higher
temperature. | b. | Energy as heat flows from a higher temperature to a lower
temperature. | c. | The amount of heat in a closed system is a constant. | d. | Energy as heat
flowing into an object is determined by the amount of work done on the
object. |
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41.
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In an air conditioner, a substance that easily evaporates and condenses is used
to transfer energy from a room to the air outside. When the substance evaporates,
a. | it absorbs energy as heat from the surrounding air. | b. | it transfers energy
as heat to the surrounding air. | c. | energy is transferred by
conduction. | d. | energy is transferred by convection. |
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42.
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The Fahrenheit temperature scale is defined by which of the following
temperatures?
a. | Water boils at 100 degrees and freezes at 32 degrees. | b. | Water boils at 212
degrees and freezes at 32 degrees. | c. | Water evaporates at 212 degrees and freezes at
0 degrees. | d. | Liquid water turns to a gas at 100 degrees and to a solid at 0
degrees. |
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43.
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A cold-blooded reptile basks on a warm rock in the sun. Its body is warmed
by
a. | radiation | c. | convection | b. | conduction | d. | both a and b |
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44.
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The temperature of a substance increases by 3 K when 1635 J is added to a 2 kg
quantity of the substance. What is the specific heat of the substance?
a. | 242 J/kg•K | c. | 300 J/kg•K | b. | 272 J/kg•K | d. | 817
J/kg•K |
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45.
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Using the table, determine which substance can absorb the most energy in a
temperature increase of 1K.
a. | liquid water | c. | gold | b. | aluminum | d. | lead |
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46.
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Which substance has a specific heat approximately 10 times greater than the
specific heat of silver?
a. | water | c. | carbon | b. | ethanol | d. | mercury |
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47.
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The temperature of 1.5 kg of ethanol is 37ºC. What will the final
temperature be if 80 000 J of energy as heat is added to the ethanol?
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48.
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10 kg of a substance underwent a 3 K change in temperature when 11 500 J of
energy as heat was added to the substance. What is the substance?
a. | gold | c. | copper | b. | water | d. | aluminum |
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