True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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1.
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If a person tries to lift a heavy box for 5 seconds and can't make it
budge, the work done on the box is equal to the amount of energy the person uses.
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2.
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A ball falling under the force of gravity is a closed system.
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3.
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Increasing the length of a ramp increases the efficiency of the ramp.
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4.
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All objects produce different types of electromagnetic waves depending on the
object's temperature.
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5.
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On the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at –32ºF.
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6.
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Some substances, when exposed to visible light, absorb more energy as heat than
other substances.
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7.
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A good insulator is a poor conductor.
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8.
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It takes more energy as heat to raise the temperature of water by one degree
than to raise the temperature of steam by the same amount.
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9.
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Insulation minimizes undesirable energy transfers.
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10.
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People feel most comfortable when the temperature of the air is
98.6ºF.
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11.
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10 cm of brick is a better insulator than 10 cm of fiberglass batting.
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12.
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Light travels faster in glass than it does in a vacuum.
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13.
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Visible light waves require a medium in which to travel.
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14.
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Radio waves are an example of electromagnetic waves.
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15.
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Light waves are examples of transverse waves.
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16.
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As the frequency of sound waves increases, the wavelength of the sound waves
decreases.
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17.
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Sound waves cannot travel through solids.
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18.
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When a wave reflects from a boundary, the only change in the wave is the
direction of travel.
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19.
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Nodes in a standing wave are the result of constructive interference.
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20.
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If two tuning forks of different frequencies are struck at the same time, you
will hear beats as the result of constructive interference followed by destructive
interference.
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21.
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When an ecosystem is balanced, the population sizes of the different species do
not change relative to one another.
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22.
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A disadvantage of nuclear energy from nuclear fission is that it produces large
amounts of radioactive waste.
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23.
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Nuclear fusion is currently a practical alternative source of energy.
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24.
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Pollution can be caused by natural processes.
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25.
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Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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26.
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A scientific theory is an explanation that
a. | has been published in a journal or book. | b. | predicts what will
happen. | c. | has been tested by many observations. | d. | a scientist has tested with an
experiment. |
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27.
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A scientific model is a
a. | representation of a real event or object. | b. | small building used
to conduct experiments. | c. | mathematical statement of a
theory. | d. | new theory that takes the place of an incorrect one. |
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28.
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What does it mean to say that "no experiment is a failure"?
a. | All experiments are observations of real events. | b. | All experiments
yield the desired results. | c. | All experiments give scientists work to
do. | d. | All experiments involve manipulating variables. |
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29.
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Oxygen has atomic number 8. This means that an oxygen atom has
a. | eight neutrons in its nucleus. | c. | eight protons in its
nucleus. | b. | a total of eight protons and neutrons. | d. | a total of eight neutrons and
electrons. |
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30.
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Each molecule of table sugar, C12H22O11,
contains
a. | 0 atoms of carbon. | c. | 6 atoms of carbon. | b. | 1 atom of carbon. | d. | 12 atoms of
carbon. |
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31.
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Solid ionic compounds have very high melting points because they
a. | are positively charged. | b. | contain metallic elements. | c. | are made of elements
that are solid at room temperature. | d. | contain charged ions that are locked tightly
together. |
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32.
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Fragments of molecules that have at least one electron available for bonding are
called
a. | ions. | c. | protons. | b. | orbits. | d. | radicals. |
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33.
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What is the mechanical advantage of a ramp that is 10 meters long and 2 meters
high?
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34.
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The temperature of 1.5 kg of ethanol is 37ºC. What will the final
temperature be if 80 000 J of energy as heat is added to the ethanol?
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35.
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A wave has a period of 0.25 seconds. The frequency of this wave is
a. | 25 seconds. | c. | 4 hertz. | b. | 0.25 hertz. | d. | 2 hertz. |
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36.
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A train of waves is moving at a speed of 30 m/s. The frequency of the waves is
10 Hz. What is the wavelength?
a. | 300 m | c. | 3 m | b. | 30 m | d. | 0.1 m |
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37.
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A wave front is
a. | the first part of a wave. | b. | a surface made up of all the points on a wave
that have the same energy. | c. | a line connecting a crest and a
trough. | d. | the initial disturbance of the medium. |
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38.
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An orange looks orange because it
a. | reflects orange light and absorbs other colors. | b. | absorbs orange light
and reflects other colors. | c. | reflects red and yellow light
only. | d. | absorbs red and yellow light only. |
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39.
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A 13 W resistor has 0.050 A of current in it. What is
the potential difference across the resistor?
a. | 6.5 V | c. | 0.065 V | b. | 0.65 V | d. | 0.0065 V |
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40.
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Magnetic force
a. | is strongest near a magnet's poles. | c. | acts at a
distance. | b. | is a field force. | d. | all of the above. |
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41.
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A light-year is
a. | a unit of time. | c. | a unit of mass. | b. | a unit of distance. | d. | a unit of
density. |
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42.
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Galaxies are classified based on their
a. | shape. | c. | stars. | b. | color. | d. | age. |
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43.
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All stars
a. | radiate heat energy. | c. | radiate light energy. | b. | radiate
electromagnetic waves. | d. | all
of the above. |
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44.
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A star’s apparent brightness is dependent upon
a. | temperature. | c. | size. | b. | distance from Earth. | d. | all of the
above. |
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45.
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Earth’s lithosphere is composed of
a. | the crust only. | b. | the mantle only. | c. | the crust and the
upper portion of the mantle. | d. | the mantle and the upper portion of the outer
core. |
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46.
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A transform fault boundary occurs where two plates
a. | move toward each other. | c. | move past each
other. | b. | move away from each other. | d. | move over each other. |
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47.
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The principle of superposition is used to
a. | determine the absolute age of rocks. | c. | determine the relative age of
rocks. | b. | determine how rocks are formed. | d. | determine how rocks are
changed. |
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48.
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Which of the following gases was not believed to be present on Earth at the time
of its formation 4.4 billion years ago?
a. | oxygen | c. | water | b. | nitrogen | d. | methane |
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49.
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A cloud type that usually produces precipitation is a(n)
a. | cirrostratus. | c. | altocumulus. | b. | altostratus. | d. | nimbostratus. |
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50.
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DDT was banned from use as a pesticide in the United States because
a. | it caused the eggs of fish-eating birds to become thin and
fragile. | b. | it was washed by rain into streams, rivers, lakes, and ponds. | c. | it was ingested by
fish and other aquatic animals. | d. | all of the
above. |
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