True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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1.
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biodiversity treaty ? an important result of
the Earth Summit
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2.
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gene ? a piece of DNA that codes a specific
trait
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3.
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endangered species ? species that are native to and
found only within a limited area
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4.
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poaching ? a piece of DNA that codes a specific
trait
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5.
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ecotourism ? a form of tourist that supports
the conservation and sustainable development of ecologically unique area
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6.
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germ plasm ? any form of genetic
material
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7.
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exotice species ? a species that is not
native to a particular region
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8.
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threatened species ? a species that has a
declining population and that is likely to becomed endangered if it is not protected
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9.
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biodiversity ? the nimber and variety of
different species in a given area
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10.
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habitat conservation plan ? an important result of
the Earth Summit
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11.
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endemic species ? a species that is not native to a
particular region
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12.
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endemic species ? a species that is not native to a
particular region
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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13.
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During the _____ period(s), humans altered their habitats.
a. | hunter-gatherer | c. | Industrial Revolution | b. | agricultural
revolution | d. | All of the
above |
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14.
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The fact that useful man-made substances can cause unforeseen damage is
illustrated by
a. | the detection of Oscillatoria rubescens in Lake
Washington. | b. | the condition of the atmosphere’s protective ozone layer. | c. | the pollution of the
Gulf of Mexico from farm chemicals. | d. | All of the
above |
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15.
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Before you can make a decision using a decision-making model, what step must you
take?
a. | Explore the consequences of each option. | b. | Consider which
values apply to the issue. | c. | Gather information. | d. | All of the
above |
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16.
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When making a decision about whether or not to build a dam, you are considering
an economic value when you ask which of the following questions?
a. | Will the dam provide new leisure activities? | b. | How many jobs will
building the dam generate? | c. | Will building the dam destroy natural
resources? | d. | Is it right to build a dam here? |
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17.
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Which of the following models would you use to represent the shape of
Earth’s surface beneath the oceans?
a. | graphical | c. | conceptual | b. | mathematical | d. | physical |
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18.
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The community of a pond is made up of all the
a. | abiotic factors in the water. | b. | resources organisms need. | c. | habitats in and
around the water. | d. | populations of fish, insects, and other living
organisms. |
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19.
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Most land animals depend on angiosperms for
a. | reproduction. | c. | food. | b. | water. | d. | All of the
above |
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20.
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Succession is possible because
a. | climates change over time. | b. | it is a rapid and chaotic process that is very
difficult to control. | c. | existing plants reproduce
quickly. | d. | new species make the environment less suitable for previous
ones. |
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21.
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What type of vegetation would you expect to find on an abandoned farm that has
remained undisturbed for 150 years?
a. | short grasses | c. | young pine trees | b. | shrubs | d. | tall, mature oak
trees |
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22.
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The majority of marine organisms are found in
a. | deep ocean waters. | c. | fisheries. | b. | shallow, coastal waters. | d. | None of the
above |
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23.
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A species of plant has exponential growth after it is introduced into an area
where it has never lived. Which statement best describes exponential growth?
a. | Each individual plant grows much larger than usual. | b. | The population
immediately decreases. | c. | Within a few years the population increases
dramatically. | d. | The species’ reproductive potential declines. |
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24.
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Which of the following has the greatest effect on reproductive potential?
a. | producing more offspring at a time | c. | having a longer life
span | b. | reproducing more often | d. | reproducing earlier in life |
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25.
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During Stage 2 of a population’s demographic transition, the death
rate
a. | increases. | c. | remains the same. | b. | decreases. | d. | is zero. |
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26.
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Which of the following is not described by the model of demographic
transition?
a. | life expectancy | c. | immigration | b. | education of women | d. | industrialization |
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27.
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The United States laws that protect endangered species
a. | are considered to be the strongest in the world. | b. | are much weaker than
the legal protections in most other countries. | c. | are rarely enforced. | d. | apply to only 10
species of animals and about 20 species of plants. |
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28.
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The major human causes of extinction today are
a. | hunting and destroying habitats. | b. | polluting and introducing non-native
species. | c. | Both (a) and (b) | d. | Neither (a) nor
(b) |
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29.
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What is the purpose of adding chlorine to water during the water treatment
process?
a. | to filter and remove large debris | b. | to form flocs that bacteria and other
impurities will cling to | c. | to kill bacteria that have accumulated, as well
as prevent future bacterial growth | d. | to remove unwanted
gases |
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30.
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Most large cities get water for households and industries from
a. | deep wells. | c. | pumps connected to springs. | b. | rivers and
lakes. | d. | removing salt from
sea water. |
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31.
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All of the following are primary air pollutants except
a. | carbon monoxide. | c. | sulfur oxides. | b. | nitric acid. | d. | VOCs. |
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32.
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A true statement about sulfur dioxides is that they are
a. | primarily a byproduct of fuel burning in automobiles. | b. | involved in the
formation of acid precipitation. | c. | released when solvents are used in
manufacturing. | d. | participants in the chemical reactions that produce
ozone. |
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33.
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Which of the following is a secondary pollutant?
a. | hydrocarbon emissions in car exhaust | b. | sulfur dioxide created when electrical power is
generated | c. | VOCs released by a dry cleaner | d. | smog formed in the presence of
sunlight |
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34.
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A true statement concerning the physical properties of air is that
a. | warm air sinks toward Earth’s surface. | b. | warm air can hold
more water vapor than an equal amount of cold air. | c. | as air warms, the water vapor it holds
condenses. | d. | cold air rises in the atmosphere. |
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35.
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Traffic jams, substandard housing, and polluted air and water can be caused by
rapid growth in cities, a phenomenon known as
a. | urbanization. | c. | urban crisis. | b. | urban sprawl. | d. | infrastructure. |
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36.
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Deforestation is an especially serious problem in tropical rain forests
because
a. | farmers must repeatedly clear additional forest area to obtain land that can support
crops. | b. | it takes so long for the replacement seedlings to reach maturity due to the hot
climate. | c. | they are located in developed nations with high per person resource
consumption. | d. | the downed trees are left to rot, damaging the soil. |
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37.
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Soil formation
a. | is an inorganic process. | b. | occurs more quickly in arid
regions. | c. | is hindered by frequent temperature changes. | d. | usually involves the
decomposition of bedrock. |
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38.
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Gangue minerals
a. | are valued for their rarity and durability. | b. | have no commercial
value. | c. | are the most difficult to mine. | d. | are native
elements. |
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39.
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The layer of impurities on top of molten metal that forms during smelting is
called
a. | smelt. | c. | slag. | b. | dredge. | d. | flux. |
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40.
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Which of the following accurately describes the use of fossil fuels for
energy?
a. | At the present rate, we will run out of fossil fuels in about 250
years. | b. | Burning fossil fuels releases large amounts of carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere. | c. | Fossil fuels account for 69 percent of the electricity generated in the United
States. | d. | All of the above |
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41.
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Which of the following is an advantage of nuclear energy?
a. | It does not produce solid waste. | c. | It poses no safety
risks. | b. | It is cost-efficient. | d. | It does not produce air pollution. |
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42.
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Oil production is still increasing, but it
a. | will start decreasing in the next year. | b. | is increasing much
more dramatically than it did in the past. | c. | will start decreasing in the next five
years. | d. | is increasing much more slowly than it did in the
1960s. |
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43.
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Which of the following statements about hydrogen as a fuel source is
correct?
a. | Hydrogen can be burned as a fuel or used to produce electricity
chemically. | b. | Hydrogen is not abundant enough on Earth. | c. | When hydrogen is
burned, it releases pollutants. | d. | Generating hydrogen by burning fossil fuels is
inexpensive. |
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44.
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A heat exchanger is used in
a. | geothermal power plants. | c. | wind turbines. | b. | passive solar
heating. | d. | active solar
heating. |
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45.
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What percentage of the energy needed to make aluminum cans from ore is needed to
make recycled aluminum cans from used aluminum cans?
a. | 95 percent | c. | 5 percent | b. | 60 percent | d. | None of the
above |
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46.
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An example of something that is biodegradable is
a. | a leaf in a compost pile. | b. | a plastic milk jug in a
landfill. | c. | a polystyrene burger container in a trash can. | d. | All of the
above |
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47.
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Which of the following pathogens have made a cross-species transfer to
humans?
a. | influenza virus | c. | West Nile virus | b. | hantavirus | d. | All of the
above |
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48.
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Two diseases that can be caused directly by pollution are
a. | measles and tuberculosis. | c. | cholera and river
blindness. | b. | lead poisoning and lung cancer. | d. | colds and flu. |
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49.
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Why didn’t the United States sign the Kyoto Protocol?
a. | The United States was not part of treaty negotiations. | b. | The terms of the
treaty were considered too weak. | c. | It was considered costly and contained
inconsistent requirements for different nations. | d. | The United States does not contribute to global
warming. |
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50.
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Which level of government is the primary target of lobbyists?
a. | city | c. | state | b. | county | d. | federal |
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